Pitheciine Action Group
Primate Conservation Biology: Considerations for
Pitheciin Conservation
Kyes, R., J.C. Bicca-Marques, H.L. Queiroz, J. Valsecchi, L. Jones-
Engel, F. Huettmann & A.B. Rylands

Many of the world’s naturally occurring primate populations are in the
balance. Extinction of our most critically endangered primate species is
inevitable during this century unless we are able to effect better
conservation measures. Among the taxa at risk are the pitheciins.
Located in northern and central South America, with essentially
Amazonian geographic distributions, the pitheciins represent some of
the least studied and most poorly understood species. Successful
conservation programs, require a thorough understanding of a
population’s status, its habitat, and the potential threats it faces. Our
goal should be to broaden our assessment approach and standardize
our data collection protocols to facilitate the acquisition of reliable,
quantitative data that permit comparison on a global scale. Technological
advances in equipment, computer modeling, remote sensing imagery,
genetic and disease assessment are now available to facilitate a
multivariate assessment of a population. As a case in point, efforts are
underway to model extinction risk of the black uakari (
Cacajao
melanocephalus
) at the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve in
Brazil, a population under considerable hunting pressure. By combining
abundance estimates and ecological parameters with the use of Vortex,
a population modeling program, we are able to generate a more
complete assessment of risk and long-term predictions for sustainability.
Coupled with conservation outreach education, comprehensive
assessment approaches will allow a more pro-active approach toward
pitheciin conservation and for primates worldwide.

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SYMPOSIUM
Pitheciins: Ecology & Conservation
XXI Congress of the International Primatological Society